Periodontology is a branch of dentistry focused on the prevention and treatment of diseases of the periodontium and the oral mucosa. The main cause of these conditions is inadequate oral hygiene, which leads to the formation of dental plaque. Bacteria present in food debris cause infections; dental deposits develop and may result in gum recession. If left untreated, these conditions can lead to tooth mobility and tooth loss.
Problems may also be caused by brushing with a toothbrush that is too hard, which can result in gum bleeding and inflammation.